Yet, this process of deconcentration at the regional level is not necessarily occurring at the local level-in the neighborhoods of these new areas where immigrants live. The redistribution of America’s immigrants has been a broad-scale exercise in regional deconcentration-one that shifted millions of foreign-born persons from long-standing engines of immigrant integration into communities with little prior history of incorporating newcomers. metropolitan areas throughout the Great Plains, Midwest, and Southern Atlantic ( Singer 2005, 2009). Even more striking, the relative size of the immigrant population soared during this period-often by factors of 1,000 % or more-in U.S. cities (New York City, Los Angeles, or Chicago), but by 2010, this share had shrunk to just 13 %. Consider, for example, that in 1970, nearly one-quarter of all immigrants to America lived in just one of three U.S. 1 However, just as important as the increase in the immigrant population is their geographic dispersion out of a handful of major gateways and into communities throughout the country. The rapid rise in America’s immigrant population has ushered in a new era of demographic change in which one in four Americans is either an immigrant or the child of immigrants.
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